How to choose a high-yield savings account.
A high-yield savings account is a bank or credit union deposit that pays well above the typical savings rate. The rate is the easiest part to compare and the first part to change. This guide covers what lasts: who holds the money, FDICFederal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)The US agency that insures bank deposits if a bank fails. The standard insurance amount is $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank, for each account ownership category. Since January 1, 1934, no depositor has lost a penny of insured funds as a result of a failure. Bank money market deposit accounts are covered; stocks, bonds, mutual funds (money market funds too) and crypto are not, even when bought at an insured bank. or NCUA coverage, how the APYAnnual Percentage Yield (APY)An annualized measure of deposit interest that includes the effect of compounding. It is not an inflation-adjusted or after-tax return.Full definition is set, fees, access, and when a money market fund or T-bill fits better.
This page covers personal finance fundamentals that apply regardless of your view on Bitcoin or fiat currencyfiat currencyMoney declared legal tender by a government, not backed by a physical commodity. Its value rests on trust in the issuing government.Full definition.
This page covers US-specific FDIC-insured accounts and money market funds. Outside the US, deposit insurance schemes and yield mechanics differ.
Choose on what does not change monthly: the insured bank or credit union actually holding the deposits, fees and minimums, how fast money comes out, and whether the APY is promotional, tiered or variable. Then compare rates. Money market funds and T-bills are investments, not bank deposits.
On this page
- How to choose: an eight-point checklist
- Who holds your deposits, and are they insured?
- How is the APY set, and how long will it last?
- What fees and minimum balances apply?
- How fast can you get money out?
- What conditions come with promotional bonuses?
- How does a savings account differ from a money market fund or T-bill?
- Worked example: a Treasury money market fund vs an HYSA after state tax
- Is a high-yield savings account right for this money?
- Where to compare current accounts and rates
- Common questions
How to choose: an eight-point checklist
- Name the institution holding the money. If the account is sold through an app or a brokerage, find the bank or credit union named in the account agreement, then confirm it in FDIC BankFind or NCUA's credit union lookup.[1] Details.
- Stay inside the insurance limit. The standard limit is $250,000 per depositor, per insured institution, per ownership category.[2]
- Read how the rate is set. Variable, tiered, conditional or introductory, and what the ongoing rate is after any intro period.[3] Details.
- List every fee and minimum. Opening deposit, the balance needed to earn the advertised APY, monthly fees and how to waive them, and transfer or wire charges. Details.
- Check access. Transfer speed to your checking account, daily and monthly transfer limits, and any cap on withdrawals. Details.
- Read bonus terms in full. Required new money, holding period, direct-deposit conditions, and when the bonus is paid or clawed back. Details.
- Decide deposit or investment. A savings account is a bank deposit. A money market fund or a T-bill is a security, with different protection and tax treatment. Details.
- Match the account to the job. Emergency fund and near-term goals, not money meant to grow for decades. Details.
Who holds your deposits, and are they insured?
FDIC insurance covers deposits at FDIC-insured banks: $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank, per account ownership category verify×DON'T TRUST, VERIFYClaim: FDIC insurance limit is $250,000 per depositor, per bank, per ownership category.Verify at: FDIC deposit insurance ↗ · FDIC EDIE coverage calculator ↗ · FDIC BankFind Suite ↗ Source 4 in the list belowFDIC has not changed the $250K limit since 2008. Verify current bank coverage at the FDIC BankFind tool..[2] Shares at a federally insured credit union get the same $250,000 standard coverage from the NCUA's Share Insurance Fund.[5] In a joint account, each co-owner's shares of all joint accounts at the same bank are insured up to $250,000, so a two-person joint account can be covered up to $500,000.[6]
Apps and fintechs are not banks
Many savings products are sold by nonbank companies that place customer money at one or more partner banks. The FDIC's consumer guidance comes down to three questions: are you dealing with an insured bank or a nonbank company, which insured bank will hold the funds, and does the arrangement meet the requirements for coverage.[1]
Pass-through coverage can apply when the nonbank keeps records showing who owns each dollar at the bank. FDIC insurance does not protect you if the nonbank company itself fails; recovery then runs through a bankruptcy or insolvency process that can take time.[1] The FDIC's own conclusion is that opening an account directly with an insured institution remains the simplest way to be confident the money is covered.[1]
Balances above $250,000
Coverage is counted per insured bank and per ownership category,[2] so larger balances can be split across separately chartered banks or held in different ownership categories. Check each bank's FDIC certificate in BankFind rather than relying on a brand or app name.[7] EDIE, the FDIC's coverage estimator, shows how the rules apply to a specific set of accounts at one bank; it is for deposits only, not investments.[8]
Money market funds, Treasury securities, stocks, bonds and crypto assets are not FDIC-insured deposits at all.[2] Holding cash in them is a different kind of protection, covered below.
How is the APY set, and how long will it last?
Savings APYs are almost always variable. For a variable-rate account, Regulation DD requires the bank to disclose how the rate is determined, how often it can change, and any limit on changes; when rate changes are at the bank's discretion, the disclosure must say so.[3] Read that disclosure before comparing headline numbers.
Savings rates tend to follow the federal funds target range set by the FOMC, in the same direction but not one-for-one and often with a lag verify×DON'T TRUST, VERIFYClaim: The FOMC sets the federal funds target range, and the range changes only at FOMC decisions. Savings APYs are variable and tend to move in the same direction with a lag.Verify at: FOMC calendars, statements and minutes ↗ · FRED target rate ↗ · Fed target range history ↗ Source 9 in the list belowThis page does not print a current range because it changes. Check the latest FOMC decision and the current series value..[10][11] The Federal Reserve keeps a dated history of every change to the range.[9]
Introductory, tiered and conditional rates
- Introductory rate. A higher APY for a set period or up to a balance cap, then a lower ongoing rate. Compare the ongoing rate; it is what the account pays after the intro ends.
- Tiered rate. The advertised APY applies only within a balance band. The disclosures must state any minimum balance required to obtain the disclosed APY.[3]
- Conditional rate. The top rate requires direct deposit, a linked checking account or a set number of transactions. Miss the condition and a lower rate applies.
What counts as high-yield
The FDIC publishes a monthly national average rate for savings, money market and CD products.[12] Snapshot: in its September 21, 2026 release the national savings rate was 0.37%.[12] An account paying well above the current national average is high-yield in practice; how far above depends on where the Fed's target range sits at the time.
Small rate differences matter less than they look. A 0.25 percentage point difference on a $10,000 balance is $25 a year before tax. See when rate-hopping stops paying.
What fees and minimum balances apply?
The account disclosures must list any minimum balance to open the account, to avoid a fee, or to earn the disclosed APY, plus the amount of each fee and the conditions that trigger it.[3] Read the fee schedule, not the marketing page. Items to find:
- Minimum opening deposit.
- Balance required to earn the advertised APY.
- Monthly maintenance fee and how to waive it.
- Excess-transaction fees.
- Outgoing wire, paper check and account-closing fees.
Many online savings accounts charge no monthly fee and require no minimum. When one does, compare the fee with the interest on your actual balance: a $5 monthly fee is $60 a year, which can erase the interest on a small balance.
How fast can you get money out?
Most online savings accounts move money by ACH transfer to a linked checking account, which typically takes one to three business days. Some banks offer same-day transfers or wires, sometimes for a fee. Check daily and monthly transfer limits before you need a large emergency withdrawal.
The federal six-per-month limit on convenient transfers from savings deposits was removed from Regulation D in April 2020, and banks were allowed to stop enforcing it.[13] Some banks still set their own limits or fees, and any limit on the number or dollar amount of withdrawals must appear in the account disclosures.[3]
Friction is not always bad. A savings account at a different bank from your checking account, with no debit card, puts a day or more between an impulse and the spending. Some households treat that as a feature.
What conditions come with promotional bonuses?
A sign-up bonus can be worth more than a year of rate difference on a modest balance, but the terms decide whether you get it. The bank must disclose the amount or type of bonus, when it will be paid, and any minimum balance and time requirements.[3] Check:
- Whether the deposit must be new money from outside the bank.
- The minimum deposit and how long it must stay.
- Direct-deposit or activity requirements.
- When the bonus posts, and whether closing the account early claws it back.
- Whether a past account at the same bank makes you ineligible.
How does a savings account differ from a money market fund or T-bill?
A high-yield savings account and a money market deposit account are bank deposits, insured within FDIC or NCUA limits.[6] A money market fund is a mutual fund: it is not guaranteed by the FDIC, and there is a risk of losing some of the money invested.[14] At a brokerage, fund shares count as securities for SIPCSecurities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC)When a member brokerage firm fails and customer assets are missing, most customers are protected up to $500,000, including $250,000 for cash. It does not cover a drop in a fund's value or any other market loss, and money market mutual funds count as securities, not cash. purposes, which protects custody of the shares if the brokerage fails, not their value.[15] Treasury bills are short-term U.S. government debt.[16]
| FEATURE | HYSA OR MMDA | MONEY MARKET FUND | T-BILL |
|---|---|---|---|
| What it is | Bank or credit union deposit | Mutual fund holding short-term debt | Direct U.S. Treasury security |
| Protection | FDIC or NCUA insurance, $250,000 standard limit[6] | Not FDIC-insured and can lose money[14]; SIPC covers custody if the brokerage fails, not a fall in value[15] | Treasury obligation, not a bank deposit and not FDIC-insured[2] |
| Yield | Variable, set by the bank | Variable, net of fund fees[14] | Set at purchase; terms of 4 to 52 weeks, from $100[16] |
| State income tax | Taxable in states that tax interest | Only the share from qualifying U.S. government obligations may be exempt, subject to state rules[17] | Exempt from state and local income tax[16][18] |
| Getting cash out | Transfer to checking, typically one to three business days | Sold inside the brokerage account | Paid at maturity, or sold early at the market price |
The state-tax point
- Federal tax: bank interest is taxable, and it must be reported even without a Form 1099-INT.[18]
- State tax on an HYSA: interest is taxable in states that tax interest income.
- State tax on a government money market fund: only the share of income from qualifying U.S. government obligations can be exempt. California, Connecticut and New York exempt none of it unless the fund meets a minimum investment in U.S. government securities.[17]
- Tax year 2025 example: Fidelity reported 98.67% U.S. government income for its Treasury Only Money Market Fund (FDLXX), 50.90% for its Government Money Market Fund (SPAXX) and 61.52% for its Treasury Money Market Fund (FZFXX), and flagged the last two as missing the California, Connecticut and New York minimum.[17]
- Access to invest: an HYSA needs a transfer to the brokerage before investing. A money market fund inside the brokerage is already there.
For a household that already invests at one brokerage, holding cash in a Treasury money market fund there can beat opening a separate HYSA even at a lower headline yield, because moving money between institutions has its own cost. See cash management for the full framework and the money-market comparison calculator to model your own state-tax-adjusted yield.
Worked example: a Treasury money market fund vs an HYSA after state tax
This is a dated snapshot, not a current quote. It uses yields as of May 2026: a top-of-market HYSA at 3.90% APY, Fidelity's SPAXX at a 3.29% 7-day yield and FDLXX at 3.20%. Federal tax is held constant; state tax (plus city tax in NYC) is the variable. Rates have changed since, so treat the pattern as the lesson, not the numbers.
FDLXX (Fidelity Treasury Only Money Market) holds almost entirely direct Treasury obligations, which is why nearly all of its income can be state-exempt verify×DON'T TRUST, VERIFYClaim: FDLXX holds almost entirely direct Treasury obligations, making its income substantially state-tax-exempt.Verify at: Fidelity FDLXX fund page ↗ · Fidelity 2025 U.S. government income percentages ↗ Source 19 in the list belowFidelity publishes each fund's U.S. government income percentage after year-end. For tax year 2025 it reported 98.67% for the Treasury Only Money Market Fund. Check the newest letter..[19] Inside a Fidelity brokerage or Cash Management Account it sits next to investments, with no transfer between institutions. Check which core cash position a brokerage account uses; some default to a bank deposit sweep and others to a money market fund, and the protection differs.
| SCENARIO | HYSA AFTER-TAX | SPAXX AFTER-TAX | FDLXX AFTER-TAX | HIGHER AFTER STATE TAX |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No state tax (FL, TX, TN, NV, WA, WY, SD, NH) | ~3.90% | ~3.29% | ~3.20% | HYSA by ~60 bp |
| SC (5.21% state top rate, tax year 2026)[20] | ~3.70% (3.90 × 0.948) | ~3.21% (taxable on repo and agency slice) | ~3.20% (state-exempt on Treasury slice) | HYSA by ~50 bp; SPAXX and FDLXX roughly tie |
| CA (~13.3% state top rate) | ~3.38% (3.90 × 0.867) | ~2.85% (misses CA's 50% US-obligations test, so fully taxable) | ~3.19% (state-exempt on ~98% Treasury) | HYSA, but FDLXX beats SPAXX by ~34 bp |
| NYC resident (~10.9% state + 3.876% city) | ~3.32% | ~2.80% | ~3.19% | HYSA by ~13 bp; workflow can outweigh a gap that small |
After-tax math uses simplifying assumptions (no AMTAlternative Minimum Tax (AMT)A second federal tax calculation. You compute your normal tax, you compute AMT, and you pay whichever is higher. Often triggered by employee stock options or large state-tax deductions.Full definition, federal marginal rate held constant, yields as of May 2026). Run the numbers with current yields in the money-market comparison calculator with your full bracket stack.
When a brokerage money market fund can fit better
- High-state-tax resident who already invests at that brokerage. The after-state-tax gap is narrower than headline yields suggest, and keeping cash beside investments (instant settlement into ETFsExchange-Traded Fund (ETF)A basket of investments (stocks, bonds, or Bitcoin) that trades on a stock exchange like a single share.) can outweigh the rest.
- Planning a move to a state with no income tax. The Treasury fund's state-tax edge lasts only until the move; federal tax treats the fund's income and HYSA interest the same way. Re-compare pre-tax yields after the move.
- Single-institution preference. Households that value one financial home over chasing the top rate.
When a separate savings account can fit better
- Institutional diversificationdiversificationSpreading investments across different assets so a drop in one doesn't devastate your entire portfolio.Full definition. An emergency fund at a separate bank means a problem at the brokerage does not also lock your liquid cash.
- A behavioral wall. Money inside a brokerage is easy to deploy by accident; money that needs a one-to-three-day transfer is not.
- Sign-up bonuses. A one-time cash bonus on new deposits can outweigh years of small rate differences. Read the bonus conditions first.
- Deposit insurance itself. A savings account is an insured deposit within limits; a money market fund is an investment that can lose value.[14]
Neither is dramatically better. In high-tax states the gap is much narrower than headline yields suggest, and workflow can decide it. See cash management · money market funds for SPAXX, FZFXX and FDLXX side by side.
Is a high-yield savings account right for this money?
- Emergency fund (3 to 6 months of expenses): yes. An HYSA or a government money market fund, depending on where the rest of your money sits.
- Down payment savings on a 1 to 3 year timeline: often. T-bills or CDs may pay more if you can lock the funds for a set term. See I-bonds and T-bills.
- Extra cash on top of an emergency fund: personal preference. Some households want a year of expenses in savings; others run lean.
- Long-term wealth-building dollars: no. The opportunity costopportunity costWhat you silently give up when you pick one option over another. Spending $100 today on dinner means giving up whatever that $100 could have grown into if you had invested it instead.Full definition of savings versus equities or Bitcoin over 10 to 30 years is large. A savings account preserves dollars, and those dollars still lose purchasing power whenever inflation runs above the after-tax yield.
Where to compare current accounts and rates
Rates and terms change. Use these resources to compare options, then confirm the current APY, fees, eligibility, and insurance details directly with the institution.
Official sources for final verification
- FDIC BankFind Suite. Official FDIC database of insured banks, searchable by name, FDIC certificate number, website or location. The FDIC notes it also lists banks' official web addresses, which helps spot fake sites.[1][7] It confirms insurance status; it does not list rates.
- NCUA Research a Credit Union. Official NCUA lookup of federally insured credit unions, with insurance status and financial information.[5][21] Membership eligibility varies by credit union.
- FDIC EDIE. Official FDIC estimator of coverage for your accounts at one bank, by ownership category. Deposits only; the tool says not to use it for investments.[8]
- FDIC National Rates and Rate Caps. Official monthly national average rates for savings, money market and CD products, published on the third Monday of each month. It is an average across banks, not a list of offers; use it to judge whether an offer is far above typical. The page showed "Last Updated: September 21, 2026" when checked on 2026-09-26.[12]
- The institution's own account disclosures and fee schedule. The binding source for the APY, how the rate can change, minimum balances, fees, transfer limits and bonus terms.[3]
Commercial comparison sites
These list specific accounts and rates. They are businesses that can earn money from the institutions they list, they do not cover every bank or credit union, and a listing can lag the institution's own page.
- Bankrate savings rates. Commercial comparison site. A "Sponsored offers" section sits at the top of the rate list, and the page states that Bankrate may earn compensation when a reader clicks a link, is approved, or opens an account, with links to its advertiser disclosure and how-it-makes-money pages. It shows a selection of FDIC banks and NCUA credit unions, not every institution. The page showed an "Updated" date when checked on 2026-09-26.[22]
Disclaimer: Bankrate makes money from some of the institutions it lists. Its savings-rates page says its websites "may earn compensation when a customer clicks on a link, when an application is approved, or when an account is opened," and the offers at the top of the list are labeled "Sponsored offers." It says partners do not influence its product evaluations; fiatisfake.org has not verified that. fiatisfake.org has no relationship with Bankrate or any bank or credit union listed and earns nothing if you click through or open an account. To open an account without a listing link, confirm the institution in BankFind or the NCUA lookup, then type its own web address yourself instead of using a listing's link or offer button.
- DepositAccounts savings comparison. Commercial comparison site owned by LendingTree, as the page states. Links titled "How Deposit Accounts Gets Paid" and "Advertising Disclosures" sit at the top of the article. Filters cover banks versus credit unions, online versus local, and deposit amount; the table ranks accounts by APY.[23]
Disclaimer: DepositAccounts makes money from some of the institutions it lists. Its "Advertising Disclosures" note says it accepts advertising compensation for featuring certain products and "may earn compensation when a customer clicks on a link, when an application is approved, or when an account is opened," and that this advertising "might influence where these products or financial institutions appear on the site." It says advertising does not influence whether a product is included or how products are assessed in its editorial coverage; fiatisfake.org has not verified that. fiatisfake.org has no relationship with DepositAccounts, LendingTree or any bank or credit union listed and earns nothing if you click through or open an account. To open an account without a listing link, confirm the institution in BankFind or the NCUA lookup, then type its own web address yourself instead of using a listing's link or offer button.
Use a comparison site to build a shortlist, check each candidate in BankFind or the NCUA lookup, then read its disclosures before moving money. To put a dollar figure on a rate difference, use the banking yield calculator; to compare an HYSA with money market funds after state tax, use the money market comparison calculator.
Common questions
Why does my HYSA pay less than the Fed funds rate?
Banks earn close to the federal funds rate on reserves and short-term assets, then pass a portion through to depositors. The gap covers the bank's costs and profit. Online banks tend to pass through more of the rate than branch-heavy banks because they compete on yield rather than branch convenience.
Are HYSAs safe?
Deposits at an FDIC-insured bank or a federally insured credit union are insured up to $250,000 per depositor, per institution, per ownership category.[2][5] The FDIC states that no depositor has lost a penny of FDIC-insured funds since it was founded in 1933.[2] Insurance covers the bank's failure, not the failure of a nonbank app that placed your money there.[1]
Is the interest taxable?
Yes. Bank interest is taxable income, and you must report it even if you do not receive a Form 1099-INT.[18] Payers generally file a 1099-INT when they pay you $10 or more of interest.[24] Most states with an income tax also tax it.
Is chasing the highest APY worth it?
Not for small differences. A 0.25 percentage point gap on $10,000 is $25 a year before tax, less than the effort of opening and managing several accounts for many households. One or two well-run accounts at insured institutions is usually enough.
Where to go from here
Sources
Bracketed numbers and verify badges in the text link to these sources. Figures, rates and rules change: check each source’s date before acting on it.
- FDIC, Banking With Third-Party Apps (last updated May 31, 2024) · fdic.gov. Pass-through coverage, questions to ask a nonbank app, and the limits of deposit insurance when a nonbank fails. ↩
- FDIC, Understanding Deposit Insurance · fdic.gov. Coverage basis ($250,000 per depositor, per insured bank, per ownership category) and the list of products FDIC does not insure. ↩
- CFPB, Regulation DD (Truth in Savings) § 1030.4, Account disclosures · consumerfinance.gov. Required disclosures for variable rates, minimum balances, fees, transaction limits and bonuses. ↩
- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, FDIC deposit insurance ↩
- NCUA, Share Insurance Coverage · ncua.gov. $250,000 standard share insurance at federally insured credit unions. ↩
- FDIC, Your Insured Deposits (page last updated May 14, 2024) · fdic.gov. Joint-account coverage per co-owner; money market deposit accounts insured, mutual funds not. ↩
- FDIC BankFind Suite, Find Insured Banks · banks.data.fdic.gov. Official lookup of FDIC-insured banks by name, certificate number, website or location. ↩
- FDIC, Electronic Deposit Insurance Estimator (EDIE) · edie.fdic.gov. Per-bank coverage estimate across ownership categories; deposits only. ↩
- Federal Reserve, Open Market Operations (history of target range changes) · federalreserve.gov. Dated list of every change to the federal funds target range. ↩
- Federal Reserve, FOMC meeting calendars, statements and minutes · federalreserve.gov. ↩
- FRED, Federal Funds Target Range, Upper Limit (DFEDTARU) · fred.stlouisfed.org. ↩
- FDIC, National Rates and Rate Caps · fdic.gov. Monthly national average deposit rates, published the third Monday of each month. Figure cited here is from the September 21, 2026 release. ↩
- Federal Reserve Board press release, April 24, 2020 (Regulation D interim final rule) · federalreserve.gov. Removal of the six-per-month limit on convenient transfers from savings deposits. ↩
- SEC Office of Investor Education and Assistance, Money Market Funds: Investor Bulletin · investor.gov. Money market funds are not FDIC-guaranteed and can lose money. ↩
- SIPC, What SIPC Protects · sipc.org. $500,000 limit including $250,000 for cash; money market funds protected as securities; no protection against declines in value. ↩
- TreasuryDirect, Treasury Bills · treasurydirect.gov. Terms, $100 minimum, and no state or local income tax on interest. ↩
- Fidelity, 2025 U.S. government income percentages (supplemental tax letter) · fidelity.com. Tax year 2025: Treasury Only Money Market Fund 98.67%, Government Money Market Fund 50.90%, Treasury Money Market Fund 61.52%; the latter two flagged as missing the California, Connecticut and New York minimum. ↩
- IRS, Topic No. 403, Interest Received · irs.gov. Bank interest is taxable and must be reported with or without a Form 1099-INT; Treasury interest is exempt from state and local income tax. ↩
- Fidelity, FDLXX (Fidelity Treasury Only Money Market Fund) fund page · fundresearch.fidelity.com. ↩
- South Carolina Department of Revenue, Information about H. 4216 · dor.sc.gov. Tax year 2026 top individual rate of 5.21%. ↩
- NCUA, Credit Union Locator and Research a Credit Union · mapping.ncua.gov. Official lookup of federally insured credit unions, insurance status and financial data. ↩
- Bankrate, savings rates comparison (commercial site; discloses compensation) · bankrate.com. ↩
- DepositAccounts, high-yield savings comparison (commercial site owned by LendingTree) · depositaccounts.com. ↩
- IRS, Instructions for Forms 1099-INT and 1099-OID · irs.gov. $10 reporting threshold for interest. ↩
Last updated . Not financial advice. Do your own research. Disclosures · How pages are reviewed